Compounds 1, 2, 4, 6, and 14 were found to increase the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 and decrease the levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-6, which indicated that the bioactive terpenoids of T. sinensis seeds could activate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and suppress the NF-κB pathway to ameliorate oxidative stress and inflammation, further preventing and reducing the occurrence of DN. This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and liver dysplastic nodule.