BAG3 mRNA expression was significantly increased in cultured human skeletal muscle cells (HSMC) at 3 h after exposure to simulated ischemia and remained elevated during the 12 h of in vitro study (Figure 1A; non-ischemic, 1.0 ± 0.09; 3 h simulated ischemia, 2.03 ± 0.23; 6 h simulated ischemia, 1.58 ± 0.01; 12 h simulated ischemia, 1.53 ± 0.05, * p < 0.05). Here, BAG3 is linked to ischemia.