In our study, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that serum concentrations of Apo-A1, Apo-A2, Apo-C1, and Apo-D might act as specific and sensitive biomarkers for the prediction of the development of overweight and obesity in subjects after the cessation of anticancer therapy. Here, APOD is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.