TRPV1 and peripheral arterial disease: Using this PAD rat model with femoral artery ligation/occlusion, the previous studies have demonstrated that the SNA and pressor responses to muscle contraction and stimulation of muscle metabolite receptors i.e., acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3), purinergic P2X (subtype P2X3), transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and ankyrin 1 (TRPV1 and TRPA1) are amplified in PAD rats as compared with control rats [71,79,80,81,82,83].