Albumin infusion therapy is routinely applied in patients with hypoalbuminemia; hypovolemia or shock; burns; major surgery or trauma; sepsis; cardiopulmonary bypass; acute respiratory distress syndrome; hemodialysis and the sequestration of protein-rich fluids [105,117,118], AIDS, cancer, cirrhotic ascites, erythrocyte resuspension and neonatal hemolytic disease [5,113,119]—in short, albumin has been used as a drug for severely ill patients since it became commercially available in the 1940s. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.