In addition, researchers have suggested that, upon successful entry, the N protein may use miR-223 once again to activate C-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CCR1), the inflammatory chemokine receptor for CCL3 and CCL5, via NF-κB at its replicative stage, in order to enhance lung fibrosis [105]. The gene discussed is CCR1; the disease is pulmonary fibrosis.