NOS2 and cancer: On the other hand, one of the biggest challenges in cancer treatment is the ongoing autocrine and paracrine activation of proinflammatory transcription factors, such as NF- κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT-3), activator protein 1 (AP-1), forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) that drive the overproduction of diverse mediators of inflammation—inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, cellular adhesion molecules, anti-apoptotic molecules, and iNOS [237,238,239,240,241,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,252].