In 2018, Moghaddas et al. found that mutations in the leucine enrichment domain (LRR) of the NLRC4 gene can also cause symptoms similar to AIFEC, but the process of cell pyroptosis caused by LRR mutations does not depend on the involvement of apoptosis proteins (ASC) with lower cytokine response. The gene discussed is NLRC4; the disease is periodic fever-infantile enterocolitis-autoinflammatory syndrome.