KEAP1 and carcinoma: The aforementioned results demonstrated that loss of Keap1 and its subtypes (α and β) led to marked phenotypic changes in cell behaviours, such as tumuorigenesis of the derived carcinoma xenografts, and growth, invasion, migration, transformation, cycle, and apoptosis from Keap1+/+, Keap1−/−, Keap1-Restored, Keap1α-Restored, and Keap1β(Keap1Δ1–31) cell lines.