CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Goldberg et al. evaluated the efficacy of pembrolizumab, an anti-programmed cell death-1 antibody, for brain metastases in a phase II trial, and they reported that 29.7% of the patients with programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive NSCLC brain metastases responded to the treatment [18].