The average age of the 50 participants (20 women and 30 men) was 72.7 (SD 4.8) years, with an average diabetes duration of 16.3 (SD 12.2) years, and the average glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels were 7.3% (SD 1.0%) and 13.6 (SD 1.5) g/dL, respectively. Here, GSTM1 is linked to diabetes mellitus.