Due to the breadth of actions carried out by DPP4 substrates, impaired sDPP4 levels and DPP4 activity have been reported in several dysmetabolic conditions, such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity [24], metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [25], and polycystic ovary syndrome [26]. The gene discussed is DPP4; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.