A toxic PD model that was initiated by single or multiple treatments of the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) was actively used in knockout animals lacking one or more synucleins as well as in mice overexpressing a mutant form of the human protein [3,4,5,6,7]. The gene discussed is SNCG; the disease is Parkinson disease.