T1DM patients presented significantly higher level of thrombomodulin (p = 0.046, Figure 1d), and significantly lower level of CFU-Hill’s colonies (p = 0.04, Figure 1e) in comparison to HCs; moreover, the levels of circulating progenitor cells, CD34+/100 lymphocytes (Figure 1f) and CD34+CD133+/100 lymphocytes (Figure 1g), were both significantly lower among T1DM patients (p = <0.001, p = 0.013). Here, THBD is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.