VEGFA and congenital diaphragmatic hernia: In this regard, a recent study showed a reduction in endothelial progenitor (EPC) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), associated with a decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and an increase in angiopoietin 2 (Ang-2) in ECMO-supported infants with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia [51].