The UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) [40] involved 3867 type 2 diabetic patients randomly split into an intervention group receiving different sulfonylureas (i.e., chlorpropamide or glibenclamide) or insulin and a control group treated with conventional diet; the study aimed at establishing whether intensive glucose control had an impact on lowering the risk of macro/micro-vascular complications, and whether any pharmaceutical therapy was more advantageous than the others. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.