INS and diabetes mellitus: The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) [38,39] was conducted on 1441 type 1 diabetic patients, randomly assigned to an intervention group administered with intensive insulin therapy (three or more daily injections) guided by frequent BGM, and a control group in which patients followed conventional therapy requiring one or two daily injections; its findings cemented the clinical importance of rigorous monitoring aimed at maintaining the glycemic status of the subject as close as possible to the normal range.