CSF1 and neoplasm: In malignant tumors, myeloid cells and tumor-associated macrophages develop an immunosuppressed phenotype, which is regulated in part by TGFβ activity, and the stimulation of β-AR decreases the production of IL-6, IL-1β, IL-18, and increase in COX2 and CSF-1, the latter favoring the recruitment of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment [9].