PRKN and Parkinson disease: In addition, from epidemiological and genetic studies, some PD-associated genes, such as leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), SNCA (α-Syn), Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (Parkin), and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), have also been linked to neuroinflammatory events [33,34].