In any case, further studies involving larger and more diverse cohorts will be required to investigate how the dectin-1 expression might be induced or modulated by TLR2, MyD88, CCL20, and/or CCR5, all of which have been identified as the independent predictors of dectin-1 adipose expression in obesity, as per our preliminary findings from this study. Here, MYD88 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.