CGAS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Recent studies showed that this pathway is also activated by host DNA aberrantly localized in the cytosol, contributing to increased sterile inflammation; insulin resistance via potential interactions of the cGAS-cGAMP-STING pathway with mTORC1 signaling and apoptosis have been discussed, suggesting its critical role in obesity-induced metabolic diseases [27].