The link between intrauterine exposure to T1DM and later in life alterations in skeletal muscle has previously been described by Houshmand-Oeregaard et al., and even though no studies have described a link between intrauterine exposure to diabetes and later in life alterations in the MAPK pathway, the central placement of MAPK in insulin signaling makes it a plausible object for pathogenetic changes [14, 40]. Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.