IL1B and COVID-19: Of note, salivary levels of TNFα and IL-1β were elevated in severe COVID-19 cases compared to asymptomatic or mild/moderate cases (unadjusted P<0.001); however, after adjusting for age, male gender, BMI, DM, and serum markers of COVID-19 severity such as CRP, D-dimer, and ferritin, TNFα and IL-1β saliva levels were no longer associated with disease severity.