TNF and pulmonary arterial hypertension: Regarding markers related to PAH exposure and inflammatory indicators, no differences were identified in Ahr (p = 0.789); Keap1 (p = 0.507); RelA (p = 0.679); IKK-β (p = 0.450); IL-6 (p = 0.878); TNF-α (p = 0.760) (Figure 4).