KLF5 and hydrops fetalis: In conclusion, our results showed that RDN suppressed intestinal expression of KLF5 in HF rats and that inhibiting intestinal expression of KLF5 exacerbated the gut microbial community structure and weakened the role of RDN in mitigating gut microbiota aberrations by impairing intestinal barrier function, resulting in an increase in intestinal bacteria harmful to cardiac function and a decrease in beneficial bacteria in HF rats following RDN.