Furthermore, the interaction between lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/ myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2) complex could trigger NF-κB pathway, which may induce the expression of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines (e.g., nitric oxide synthase (NOS), TNF-α), thus finally perpetuating local tissue damage and promoting tumor growth [58] (Figure 1H). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and neoplasm.