Proteomic studies have led to the discovery of additional major defined types of non-Dsg proteins targeted by pemphigus autoantibodies, including: mitochondrial proteins, desmocollin 1 and 3 (Dsc1 and Dsc3), various nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes, thyroid peroxidase, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules, and secretory pathway Ca2+/Mn2+-ATPase isoform 1 (SPCA1) encoded by the ATP2C1 gene, which is mutated in Hailey-Hailey disease [6]. This evidence concerns the gene DSC1 and Hailey-Hailey disease.