In BEN, a homozygous SNP (rs2814778) affects the functions of DARC (only in RBCs), which encodes a 7-transmembrane receptor (21) that selectively scavenges inflammatory chemokines (e.g., IL-8 and CCL5, both of which enhance neutrophil recruitment) (Figure 7A). Here, NRP1 is linked to Balkan nephropathy.