RNLS and acute respiratory distress syndrome: We searched PubMed for manuscripts published in English between January 2021 and May 2022, using combinations of the following keywords: renalase, inflammation, NAD+, SARS, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, cytokine storm, sirtuins, autophagy, ARDS, fibroproliferative response, and pulmonary fibrosis.