CD8A and neoplasm: Doxorubicin induces ICD-triggered infiltration of CD8+ cells and secretion of IFNγ while indoximob inhibits the Treg cells.169 Nano-enabled re-programming of the tumour immunological environment for anticancer immunotherapy and drug delivery is currently being investigated aggressively and has been reviewed elsewhere.170,171 A promising nano-enabled immunotherapy strategy to polarize and modulate the pro-tumoral M2-phenotype into anti-tumor M1-like tumour associated macrophages (TAMs) in the TME is highlighted in Table 4.