TSHR and autoimmune thyroid disease: There is inadequate knowledge about the association of genetic variations and thyroid hormone metabolism in human population, which has led a number of questions unanswered about thyroid dysfunctions and how to handle them8. The TSH receptor (TSHR) is a 7-transmembrane domain G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) that is a major thyroid-gland regulator and is a key auto-antigen in autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs)9.