INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: This frequently results in long-term hyperglycaemia, type 2 diabetes, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and atherosclerosis.3 The clinically useful surrogate markers of insulin resistance are Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), Homeostatic Model Assessment 2 (HOMA2), Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI), serum triglyceride, and triglyceride/High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) ratio.