Among genes exhibiting hyper-hydroxymethylation and elevated expression in both PRAD tissues and 3D-cultured cells, 7 genes (NVL, LUC7L3, TTC13, RHOU, CABLES2, ZFPM1 and ZSWIM4) were associated with poor PFS in the TCGA PRAD cohort (Fig. 5A). Here, NVL is linked to prostate adenocarcinoma.