CD4 and neoplasm: Stratifying patients according to the HPV status, we assessed that higher densities of stromal or intra-tumoral CD8+ CTL, intra-tumoral CD4+ T cells, total T lymphocytes, CD68+ macrophages and CD163+ TAMs in primary tumors, as well as a higher percentage of CTL in close proximity to macrophages within the tumor nests, were associated with a longer DFS in HPV-positive patients (Fig. 8B).