To determine whether the accumulation of autophagosomes induced by ART treatment in HCC cells was due to impaired degradation, we measured autophagic flux with BAF, which is an inhibitor of late-stage autophagy, and found that the number of autophagosomes in HCC cells treated with the combination of BAF and ART or the combination of BAF, ART and si-GBA transfection was greater than that in cells treated with ART alone (both P < 0.05), Fig. 4b. The gene discussed is BANF1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.