Among them, KIR2DTl1-3 and KIR3DL1 can exert inhibitory effects by binding MHC molecules (HLA-C/HLAB).239 Due to the characteristics of high gene polymorphism, the combination of multiple KIR genes and their ligands can cause a variety of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, especially the combination of some KIR genes and specific ligands, which can increase the risk of cancer.240 In mouse models, treatment targeting the activated NK-cell surface receptor KIR2DS2 showed significantly superior antitumor activity to treatment targeting conventional costimulatory molecules.241–243. The gene discussed is KIR3DL1; the disease is cancer.