Furthermore, we found that ΔEfb infection in RNF114 KD macrophages resulted in an even lower level of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression compared to Newman infection (Supplementary Fig. 13f), and we found that RNF114 affected the TRAF3 expression level only when Efb was present (Supplementary Fig. 13g), suggesting that RNF114 is involved in the regulation of inflammatory cytokine production during S. aureus infection in macrophages independent of Efb and TRAF3. This evidence concerns the gene TRAF3 and infection.