ACE and chronic kidney disease: Majority (84.0%) of the patients with advanced CKD and 76.3% patients in early CKD were on calcium channel blockers (CCBs), while 18.8% patients with advanced CKD and 21.4% of those with early CKD were using angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptors blockers (ARBs).