Specific therapy for hyperkalemia includes beta-adrenergic agonists via nebulizers or intravenous route, loop diuretics, intravenous calcium gluconate (10%), sodium bicarbonate, and cautious use of insulin and glucose therapy [monitoring for hypoglycemia to which neonates are particularly prone is important as even recent adult studies have cautioned against the use of insulin (17)] to shift extracellular potassium into the cells. This evidence concerns the gene INS and Hyperkalemia.