Upregulated HSPA2 exerted a neuroprotective effect through its regulation of endocytosis in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model (50), and inhibition of HSPA8 would protect against spinal ischemia–reperfusion injury via astrocyte NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway (51). Here, NLRP3 is linked to medical procedure.