TGFB1 and Myocardial fibrosis: Resveratrol can upregulate the level of SIRT3 in cardiac fibroblasts, inhibit the transformation of fibroblasts into myoblasts, inhibit collagen deposition, inhibit myocardial fibrosis and cardiac remodeling, and improve cardiac function by downregulating TGF-β/Smad3 pathway (Chen et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2021).