INS and cancer: Wang et al. (2020) showed that GHR gene polymorphisms are associated with esophageal cancer in the general population, and GHR signaling can be applied to cancers and other therapeutic strategies (Gao et al., 2020). The extracellular domain of GHR can be cleaved during shedding, reducing the number of cell-surface signaling receptors, which modulate the sensitivity of cells to GH (Frank, 2001). In muscle tissue, GHR disruption has been reported to enhance insulin sensitivity and prolong lifespan (List et al., 2020).