BCAT1 and Nephroblastoma: In summary, BCAT1 was one of the driving factors of carcinogenesis; and was a critical factor involved in the metabolic process of leukaemia growth and development; for the treatment of leukaemia, BCAT1 gene therapy can be targeted, such as BCAT1 inhibitors, BCAA-BCAT1-α-KG pathway target therapy for isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) Wilms Tumor (WT) TET2 WT AML patients with impaired leukaemia stem cell function, etc. These findings can broaden the treatment of leukaemia.