In humans, loss of AQP4 at perivascular astrocytic endfeet was seen in several brain diseases, including mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (Eid et al., 2005), neuromyelitis optica (Misu et al., 2007), and ischemic stroke (Steiner et al., 2012; Stokum et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene AQP4 and neuromyelitis optica.