LEP and hydrops fetalis: Additionally, a recent study mentioned the effects of a high-fructose diet (HF), high-fat diet (HFD), or both (HFHF) on leptin and ROS, but it appears that only HFHF-fed mice developed hyperglycemic symptoms, oxidative stress, and steatosis (inflammation and fibrosis), whereas HF caused only transient increases in leptin and C-peptide (98).