TNF and COVID-19: Cytokine storm is one of immunopathological reactions in COVID-19 patients, which is an aggressive inflammatory response with excessive release of cytokines and elements, including interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1; or CCL2), macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP1α; or CCL3), CXC-chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, and D-dimers (6–8).