TNF and neoplasm: On the other hand, M2-type cytokines, including IL-10 and TGF-β, are found to prevent tumor-associated angiogenesis by inhibiting reactive oxygen species in endothelial cells (34, 35) and antagonizing the secretion and activities of pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic molecules, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and VEGF (36, 37).