AKT1 and bladder transitional cell carcinoma: MAPK and PI3K-Akt regulate tumor cell survival, proliferation, growth, mobility, and angiogenesis, whose activations were essential for BLCA metastasis and chemotherapy (Xia et al., 2018; Sun et al., 2019; Lei et al., 2020; Ruan et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2020; Xu et al., 2021a; Kao et al., 2021).