Five candidate pathways (Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Chagas disease, IL-17 signaling pathway, Staphylococcus aureus infection, and Hematopoietic cell lineage) exhibited strongly negative correlations with Lactobacillus helveticus (Adjusted P < 0.05, Spearman rho > 0.7) (Figure 4B). Here, IL17A is linked to Chagas disease.