HIV infection of the brain is associated with increased levels of Aβ (Giometto et al., 1997; Esiri et al., 1998; Green et al., 2005), including intraneuronal Aβ (Achim et al., 2009) and other AD-related biomarkers including increased phospho-tau (ptau) (Brew et al., 2005; Clifford et al., 2009), and inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β (Ortega and Ances, 2014; Gelman, 2015; Levine et al., 2016; Fields et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and Alzheimer disease.