In the whole population, Pf-IgM and Pf-IgA concentrations (median 2.88 and 0.17 mg/dl, respectively) were lower than Pf-IgG (median 22.62 mg/dl) and the three were present in all patients, whereas healthy donors not previously exposed to malaria lacked specific Ig (data not shown). The gene discussed is CD79A; the disease is malaria.